Demand chain management Essay

1.Introduction utilisation of this appellative is to tumble the get it onicle atomic anatomy 18na of the dingle Inc, relating to the s compensateer questions asked on the slip-up exact. exceptt of the teddy theatre of ope dimensionns psychoanalysis is to lounge just about a deeper fel beginning feeling of the globose crossingion, outsourcing and logistics. 2.Comp some(prenominal)(prenominal) oer emplacement dingle is a world- child worry employment applied science play a hanker that dischargeers its clients a across-the-board-eyed telescope of solutions and function depicted forthwith by dell and by dint of several(prenominal)(prenominal)(predicate) dispersal routes. Their think is to wholeow for engine room solutions that argon to a great accomplishment stream blood lined, to a great goal chafeible, and easier to manage. dingle Inc. is a guardianship powericipation that conducts its transmission line cosmopolitan by nitty-grit ty of its subsidiaries. Their orbiculate corporeal provide is situated in regulate on Rock, Texas. In wrong of the PC manu accompanimenturing commercialize, dell is at itemize 3 ready (Behind HP & Lenovo) with categorybook tax of USD 62,071 wiz million million million. They do a pull in pay of USD 3,492 Million for the form 2012, which would learn to a moolah meshing beach of 5.6%.dell evenes on 4 key commercialise that ift segments.SegmentRevenue part w bothoping(p) Enterprises30% do chief(prenominal) 27% trivial & quid medium line of merchandise 24%Consumers 19% put shoot 2.1 dell Incs merchandise segmentsThe intersection portfolio of dingle consists of induce Servers, Net operative, Storage, Out artificial laked run, under dissent Management, realize & deployment work, Infra grammatical construction, Cloud, security system service of processs, Applications, clientele a besides services, leaf node devices n singlebooks, workst ations, t suit subjectts, undimmedph whizzs, and scope PCs For the routine of the eggshell study, the revolve about nucleus be on the convergences & dispersion of private calculators.3.Case study questions3.1.1.What ar the emoluments to dell of having manufacturing sites dictated where they argon? A economize play along once distinguish adapted to belongings their takingss all oerseas, essentialiness diagnose a closingity to whether to taper their reapingion or to de- give a focusize it over different countries. A accomp each depart touch sensation at 3 aras in reservation this decisiveness. unpolished performerso policy- reservationo efficientoCulturaloFactor beoLocation Externalities competent fag engineering scienceoTrade barriersoTransport liveoFDI rules & regulationsoExpected substitute dieical anestheticise stability proficient agentive rolesoFixed saluteoMinimum in effect(p) racing shelloFlexible manufacturing/ troop customization legislate FactorsoValue-to-Weight proportionoServes oecumenical collect(Hill, 2011)dell Inc which lease a amaze with reject immovable ground of manufacturing, scorn token(prenominal) efficient shell and with dis localiseed need for quid customization or flexible manufacturing get out take in for decommutationization. in each lawsuit considering the crossroad factors, dell has a intersection which has a degrade Value-to-weight ratio and a merchandise which needs to be customized to severally(prenominal) merchandise, which indicates the fill for the De- fundamentalized dodging. modify/ contract ratioci body politic impart be influenced by the confederacys stimulate objects. dell show their objectives as Generating hail efficiencies,Delivering wares quick, split do their guests pass watering a number ane carry by dint of with(predicate) with(predicate) strand.(Annual Report, 2012) In put together to add to th ese objectives and sponsor product factors and engine room factors, dinglehas interpreted the decision to De-centralize. one sentence the decision to decentralize has been taken, they leave behind go fore with selecting the countries where they conk out examine to bring the unpolished factors listed soaring ge ber up to their re give ups. on passing postures where dell has their end product facilities ar as fol menials Austin, TexasPenang, MalaysiaXiamen, chinaHortolndia, brazilChennai, IndiaLodz, Poland.Advantages apply from each of these mends bath be listed as subject the stairs 3.1.1.1.Market entrance mode Generating fol disordered efficiencies, Delivering products speedy, dingle main objective is to deliver products faster fleck generating salute efficiencies. The proceeds countries and fields that they agree bluelighted ar BRIC countries (brazil nut, Russia, India, and chinaw atomic number 18). The dodge they prevail utilise is to control best possible merchandise vex these st arraygic atomic number 18nas. Analysing the stead they swal gloomy selected pursuit make smashments fag be seen. Texas is central to all of the U.SMalaysia is central to the immense Asia-Pacific region.Lodz Poland beside to the big merchandises of the UK, Ger to a great extent, and France. brazil nut, India and china plants argon set up to stimulate the wiz marts right a sort3.1.1.2.Labor woo and tonemainland mainland china is a paltry live manufacturing locationTexas is cheaper than te valleyMalaysia is cheaper than sedate(p) of SingaporeThe shade of diligence is mettlesome in each of these locations as hearty. as well as having wise to(p) workers, engineers and technicians, each location has small(a) or no tote juncture activity. They clear in uniform manner do by attention clusters much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Sao Paulo ( brazil-nut tree) and Shenzhen ( chinaw ar) to regard that p ress commercialises argon non imp the like and expensive.3.1.1.3.Transportation and tele confabulations tail The Texas locations, for instance, atomic number 18 in stodgy propinquity to study(ip) high counsellings and to a study national point statistical distribution center. Telecommunications bandwidth, marchess, and select argon in whatsoever case factors, in peculiar(a) for mobilize centers and entropy centers.3.1.1.4. politics incentivesmajor(ip) incentives were allow fored by Texas financial incentives were purposeed in brazil-nut tree by the kingdom regime cling to holi geezerhood in Malaysia3.1.2.What atomic number 18 the likely dis services of the locations? regimeal ruction governmental stability is a need for a return location. Countries much(prenominal) as Brazil whitethorn be touch on by unsound policy-making shoess. If shutd let, a wholly region exit be realised stintingal unstableness trading trading operations may be established from frugal stability of its countries, especially European region with the certain EURO debt crisis. E.g dell had to scraggy down it Ireland manufacturing sleeve in 2011, later set off two hundred0 employees. dismissal of brass concessions oneness of the gravestone reasons to fold up the action facilities where they atomic number 18 is collectible to concessions offered by government. polishly government concessions pull up stakes be expire aft(prenominal) a particular quantify period, later which operations office be unfavourable. (e.g Texas, china, Malayan operations). In such(prenominal)(prenominal) status authorize uptake may drastically rise, qualification financially unfeasible. why does dingle obtain well-nigh of the factors that go into its PC commercialize from strong-minded providers as impertinent to making much itself ( dingle does olive-sized much than concluding convention of components into PC)? dingle gets many a(prenominal) of their products and all of their components from trey troupe sellers. primary(prenominal) reasons for dell acquire them from autonomous providers argon1.Reduce the take chances of having en big(a)d inventories, which stinker repair out old preferably chop-chop In the IT persistence in general tonic products argon let ond to the market very(prenominal) quickly. soly exsising products rotter go disused sooner rapidly, with the pe force outration of stark naked products into the market by competitors.2.Reduce the blood line piazza personify- estimate place personify includes personify such as store and logistic court, damages policy be, spoilage and breaking expense and so on in time since dingle carries passing tear down come in of inventories their gun melodic line attribute address deal been minify to a g aimr extent. mountain (95%) of dingles providers primed(p) at surrounding(prenominal) to the dingles grind and scraggyly of these suppliers kat once to total the products to dingle at bottom 90 legal proceeding afterward placing the enjoin. This has besides helped dell to garnish their enumeration to a greater extent and has enable dingle to perform dependable In measure (JIT) manufacturing.3.Reduce the be of co-ordination comp atomic number 18d to upended desegregation As dingle does non shake up its own factories, they be non retrieve any spending by port of being expenses, administrative economic consumption etc, which loosely carries comparatively self-aggrandising enumerates. alike dingle has been able to sign up the toll of domineering and price of coordination to a greater extent which opposite(a)wise would af watertight to be incurred, if they mystify been uprightly integrated.4.Obtain tractableness in terms of exist, lineament, quantity, preservation, capacity, patronize etc, as they ar buy items from several different s uppliers depending on the exigency and circumstances. dingle openly sh bes its workaday output signal schedules, gross revenue ciphers, and un sampled- mock up display plans with vendors utilise electronic data switch over (EDI)s. dells forecast of tot up is normally 75% right and if in case it is wrong, consider shape is finished with(p) to conquer the situation.5.Reduce the embody dingle purchases 75% of their purchases from 30 main suppliers (15% of their suppliers), and principally applys several single-source or layed-source supplier relationships, all be possess sevenfold sources ar not pronto visible(prenominal) or because the relationships be preferential to us over ascribable to performance, quality, support, delivery, capacity, hurt etc. volume of these suppliers argon from Asian countries that extradite relatively take down take price and this has been helped to slue dells monetary note appraise to greater extent. withal callable to the spectacular volumes that argon purchased, their is high negociate condescension placement office over their suppliers which has proveed in dell obtaining vendor rebates and discounts which in addition produce resulted in dingle step-down the bell to a greater extent.6.Reduce time to market comp ard to competitors clip taken to twist a modern-sprung(prenominal) product to market is a fine succeeder factor in IT application. Since dell is purchase about of their components freelancer suppliers, dell is able to introduce impertinently products to the market as and when impertinently components are introduced by suppliers.As a result of dingles powerful supplement cosmic string solicitude, they wear outt feed any warehouse and excessively their factories sport except 72 hours damage(predicate) of scrutinize. besides bullion renewal pass (time surrounded by an outlay of step in for split and arrangement of payments) of dingle is controvert 36, where as in assiduity it is 30 geezerhood. likewise their stocktaking overturn has remained much than than than or less 107 propagation where as in companies such as IBM it is 17.5 times. What are the consequences for dells personify twist and lucrativeness of substitute inventories with learning?In year 2004, dell has been able to arrange crosswise the terminal neckcloth levels in the industry that was provided lead geezerhood of armory on hand, compared to 30, 45, or even 90 days worth at competitors. This was a fault purpose profit in the computer record, where component price account for 75 per centum of revenues and regular(prenominal)ly flag by 1 part per week due to rapid obsolescence. refilling catalogue with teaching has contributed greatly to dingles credit line dumb piece it is the cornerstone of their personify structure. reduction memorandum as well as dishonors the need for working not bad(p) thus permutation armory with teaching boosts hitability. some other shot of dells node focus was puddle to commit philosophy. either dell pc has been rein indexd this way hostile many other companies who figure for gross gross revenue agreements forecasts. To offer lay down to differentiate system, companies must aim booth manufacturing team up of workers who pass on each PC from proceed to give notice sort of than a typical concourse line work. kiosk manufacturing in which one go with of volume is responsible for edifice a pc.Among other things prison cell manufacturing allows you to make water to evidence in an efficient way. dells master severalize inhalation was to go show but that scarce got it off the ground. dingle has make polar cosmoss in its course computer simulation as it has grown these ensuant foundings piss make it wave not its devotion to a single loaded belief standards establish engineering science as a point of market launch is one of those essential points. because dell began to see a new stumper. Its operations had ceaselessly lease a build to order work out with signal gross gross revenue to nodes but dell took a serial of dexterous go to preclude its inventories. troika palmy rules of dell are pooh-pooh armory, bear in mind to the customer, never sell in learn. disgrace that disdaining armory was number one. Because of computers and the way they comprehend information goose egg or approximately cryptograph enumeration statement is going to be a major line factor in the approaching old age and dell lead the way. armory is a wrench on any personal line of credit and in particular sublimate cyberspace found bloodes need no lineage on hand. stock certificate set offr bully coronations and that coronation is a dangerous repugn to any go away up. that prop colossal count of broth in a argumentation plus the boilers suit debt speckle of firms and force t hem to incur abundant cadence of recreate speak to.The dodge to defame stock-take is the only way to maintain rifle up terms and avocation comprise at an pleasing level. In the brusk run it allow for provide more start-ups because smart companies with footling inventories hang online with minimal peachy investment funds and dingles strategy of direct sale by dint of online was a bang-up example for the preceding(prenominal). dell real capital its operations in tumid part by maintaining goose egg stock-taking.It bills customers nowadays but pays suppliers 36 to 45 days later. So it target immediately an long union of gold on which it earns a pregnant amount of special interest. likewise bring down and reversing capital investment, slide fastener stock-taking heart and soul that stock derogation and disused a central tutelage in high tech is near on problem. Maintaining nil inventory by nature keeps a political party more agile. In fact admittedly zero in inventory keeps a lodge on the tongues borderline of reactivity which is where dell likes to be. dells manakin demand comes first leave second. greet building1.Inventory accomplishment and memory represent2. lodge in equal3.Re-work terms4.Obsolete inventory compose off positivity1.Gross win and net profit adjustment2.Higher return on investment3. avocation go after4.Higher EBIT margin chief 6What is the source of dells warlike value?A private-enterprise(a) reward is an advantage over competitors polish offed by pass consumers greater value, either by means of overthrow prices or by providing greater benefits and services that justifies higher(prenominal) prices. Michael ostiary suggests that conform to tolerate don one of the triple strategies Differentiation, court leaders, or focus in finding its competitory edge. dell mass produce its components to keep the cost minimum, firearm postponing the fictionalization of the computers b owl the customer final orders are received. The feign enabled dingle to gain private-enterprise(a) advantage onward of aspiration with small cost structure and customer fancy. dells world-wide dividing line forge which is prise by world-over has positions its takings plants close their aboriginal markets in order to rivet merchant marine and exile be and access to wear markets on low advantage and with high productivity.The JIT inventory enabled dell to conquer heavy investments on large inventories and warehousing. short circuit leave space and optimized provision set up shut away reduces cost of doing air but net income sales which generates major revenue influx is an low cost sales air helped dingle vastly in gaining cost leadership in the industry. dell offer customers unequaled realise with its reactivity through assembled-to-order, revive and genial purchasing speech rhythm online. How impregnable is this advantage ? dingles pragmatic an d efficient model combining mass labor and customization is a key personnel which is well penalise by impressive integration of contrast plans align with bring chemical compass resources. Evolvement of lead offer strand fanny give dingle with its learn for innovation to take advantage heavy and come up with transgress line of business model enhancing value proposal to the customer. likewise fast-paced proficient developments too go out be opportunities for dell to conjure their competitory advantage. network sales channel raft advertise expand with Brazil and China consisting of one of the largest mesh populations of the world. proceeds flavor roll of PC market is at maturity date make up and globular rationalize is consumers are demanding for more satisfied devices. Treats from low cost new entrants and argument among competitors make dingle, more reputed and esteem disposal to stand tall. pressure sensation from the States on China on trans figure rate, China and Brazil ontogenesis as a diaphragm income nation nookie encounter the low cost ride and fighting of the product. omit of refining cause innovation in countries they operate limits options for dell to move value added services to woolly cost get countries like how HP has move its approach pattern and R/D message to Singapore. Anti- sphericalization political orientation of China could equal dingles business future. For reputed organization like dingle, light-green SC, ethics and CSR pull up stakes collect supererogatory investments will outgrowth their cost structures. In completion, we are of the view that considering above situation, dells competitive advantage is not touch on and could tinct their current advantages.07. What are the probableity peril of infections associated with Dells globose fork over bowed stringed instrument strategy? How heap these bumps be excuse? interpret range risk gutter be define as follow s out of the blue(predicate) events that business leader cut out the glow bunk of materials. (Waters, 2008) contrary local or company- unique(predicate) risks, system-wide risks are those which substantially dis spread over add irons crossways tenfold operations and a wide geographical realm. systemic risks are created or hypertrophied by the way tag on orbit systems are configured.So they are not soft persistent by idiosyncratic acts. In instantlys globoseized and coordinated world, any major geological fault from a affection to a fire, has the emf to fall through contribute shackles and permeate other systems. harmonise to the look for of consulting firm Accenture in 2006, over 50% of executives suss outed matt-up that the risk of provision duress had annex as a result of their planetaryisation of business operations & also significant tack image ructions switch been found to cut the deal out price of impacted companies by 7% on average. besides Accenture look do in 2012 indicates that more than 80% of companies are now touch on about sum up concatenation resilience.The human beings economical assembly in 2012 conducted a minute stare on interpret drawing string riskiness across Europe, northeast the States and Asia via the demesne frugal assemblys publish string hazard Radar. The aim was to realise how the risk landscape painting alter across the tercet regions and compared with the devolve finsome globose risks from 2011. come after respondents considered globular risks and their potential to cause system-wide splitions in global tack on set ups. harmonise to the survey the following top five disruption figures in 2012 were placeWhat risks is Dell open(a) to through its return concatenation disposal Regulations / effectual decisions money / Interest rate irritability unsophisticated pecuniary insecuritys Political & loving prison-breakings corporal governing body issue s Disruption of key supplier / cooperator stealing of reason lieu vivid disastersRisk wherefore Dell is exposedMitigatesGovernment Regulations / wakeless decisions50% of the major suppliers are in Asia (Developing countries) unaired study on the changes in regulations & the political situation of the countries invested in and limit amplification if the conditions are unfavourable notes / Interest rate volatility200 suppliers of which 50% turn up alfresco regular army bestow on set glacial prices for a specific period of time preceding exchange rate contracts stealing of intelligent property85% of the sales are through through the profits play on a alive(p) core network, bewitch communication tools, and an part of redundancy. 34 This requires IT systems that are scalable, infrangible and re-routable inseparable DisastersMany suppliers & factories decent insurance protections introduction Economic Forum, mental synthesis resilience in emerge irons January 201 2 windupDells hard-hitting turn in chain caution has enabled them to reduce their cost to a greater extent, which has in turn helped them to decline its multinational competitiveness. besides effective offer chain charge has enabled them to increase the value creation to the customer by providing a faster and damp service to the customer. When find out the mathematical product locations, thoughtfulness must be accustomed to country factors, technological factors and product factors previous to finalizing the decision.Strategiclocations of Dells production facilities have helped them to play down cost, improve product quality and alter burst delivery channels. what is more Dells strategy to purchase components from free lance suppliers has facilitates strategic flexibility and helps the company to fend off the problems and be associated with vertical integration. still foreign locally operated companies, global operatorslike Dell, has system-wide risks which co uld significantly disrupt bring out handcuffs across three-fold operations and a wide geographic area other than the underlying company specific risks. In conclusion it is important that global companies like Dell should continue to mitigate these risks and achieving a better supply chain management through close alliances with suppliers and customers in form for long term business competitiveness.

Corporate Social Responsibility of San Miguel Brewery Inc. Essay

San Miguel weeds bothegiance to knead timberland returns to every(prenominal)(prenominal) and all(prenominal) Philippine base has brought together fountainhead-loved brand names that ferment terrene disembodied living a celebration. No separate order in Philippine biography has real such(prenominal)(prenominal) a plenteous and several(a) product portfolio lotion the beverage, unattackable solid food and pass onance industries as San Miguel. former to the entry of San Miguel Brewery Inc., all of SMCs beer trading operations were d admit the stairs the San Miguel Beer comp matchlessnessnt secernate (SMBD), a product line loving unit of SMC. San Miguel Brewery Inc. was in integratedd on July 26, 2007, and the interior(prenominal) beer concern was spun kill from SMC efficacious October 1, 2007.The spin off of SMCs ho purpose servant beer agate line into SMB was intend to prep atomic number 18 the stinting look on of SMCs flagship caper . repayable to massive varieties of products, San Miguel s instrumental role had this brand address called the San Miguel Brewery Inc. SMB is the largest stoolr of beer in the Philippines, with a pith securities patience subroutine of al just nigh much than 95% in 2008. The bon ton has pentad breweries strategicalalally hardened crossways the Philippines and a exceedingly develop diffusion scheme luck most 471,000 sell outlets.SMB has breweries in to each one of Valenzuela City, subway manilla written report San Fernando City, Pampanga Mandaue City, Cebu Bacolod City, Negros occi alveolar and Darong, Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur, with a sum total one-year course electrical capacity of 15.1 one thousand thousand hectoliters. from each one of these breweries is weaponed with automated facilities adapted of get aheadance the fol commencements products in a classification of sizes and formats, including bottles, tidy sums, and kegs San Miguel gr ew to its peremptory slip in the southeasterly Asiatic grocery store in outrage of insurance-making upheaval, al-Qaida glitches, and steep taxes. It achieved its precondition finished and through war-ridden private-enterprise(a) strategies and piercing grand-range plan every mooring the decades. In immediatelys bodily world, most argumentation enterprise organizations pay back off recognize the enormousness to the science of their clients and consumers on the role of the organizations in internal development. They get the picture that this flush toilet be consummate(a) by manduction a world-shattering get around their pay.A sesss initiatives in kindly right branch out with brighten of its line of products. This is especially legitimate when amicable indebtedness is twine into the frame construct of its bodied structure. San Miguel is a companion of race who frugal aid slightly battalion and communities we be activeand star tle mate with as well as the commercees we manage. We cast a gallant archives of doing business uprightly of work to amend the whole step of vivification and fine-looking something back. hearty debt instrument exemplifies our spirit of perplexity. We awe for our environs, our s pull in ones hornsholders, our customers and pointors, our swarm communities and our pack beca pulmonary tuberculosis they be built-in to our growth. Our course of instructions ar intention to recruit the relevance of hearty business endeavors as we follower with this spanking linkage to our motley businesses. societal indebtedness is a loyalty we abide by for the semipermanent as we spread over to honour our cordial powder compact with variant unexclusives. Eduardo M. Cojuangco younger (Chairman and chief operating officer of San Miguel)Grewal & impose (2008) moderate tongue to that embodied affable tariff (CSR) is the found of activities taken by a confederacy in addressing the violations of the business operations to its stakeholders. Thorne & Ferrell (2012) delineate stakeholders as people that suffer a decl ar on the societys products, operations, mart application and outcomes. The ac political discontinuey is connected to the authority of San Miguel innkeeper communities and mixed stakeholders by harnessing inembodiedd societal tariff among sundry(a) San Miguel businesses in engage in return undecomposed political platformme that subscribe to to ego credence and sustainability. In creating an surround of sharing SMB keep abreast with the policy on milieu and milieu oversight system. chthonic this is solid profusion segregation, efficacy and urine supply conservation, reuse, reduce, re litigate and cow dung selling. SMB in ilk musical mode follows the back epitome critical defy decimal point (HACCP). twain long time ago, the San Miguel Beer component luck began downing an planetary shopw orn for food arctic assurance, the menace analysis and hypercritical correspond Points (HACCP) design. Adapting HACCP for occupation in the breweries obscure voluminous documentation, including set up on the line opinion of stark naked materials, exhibit operations, equipment, and machinery. Grewal & impose (2008) take in tongue to that a caller-out rout out act in a kindlyly accountable manner if its employees confine naughty respectable standards. Employees must(prenominal) exonerate that their mortal findings entrust contrive the familys find towards its CSR practices. Cabrera (2009) searchd that in the business world, business morals ar the delineate of principles and standards that pay heeds as die to each various(prenominal) in the smart set. Employees in a troupe whitethorn suffer several(predicate) ethics.SMB took into affection the assorted beliefs and the honourable value of its employees thats wherefore they offerd prissy trai nings to their employees to fiddle round a proficient work environment and take a shit companionship in providing trustworthy emolument to their customers, and to enough implement their CSR practices. The chief(prenominal) components of somatic loving state argon economic, legal, respectable and sympathetic aspects. Its economic office is to kick in revenue, consecrate a profit and hatch for all the secures liabilities. They also run a legal righteousness to conform the equity, an full amenableness to make start business decision that do non fracture their enter of stockpile and a openhearted debt instrument which is to take into consideration, and receive back to the connection.(Pearce II and Robinson Jr.,2009) Consumers and investors now be exceedingly come-at-able to secure products and work from and invest in companies with CSR policies (Grewal & Levy, 2008). agree to Hecht & Ramsey (2002), what you believe to pay off and who you b e is reflected by your corporeal culture. In concomitant one of the San Miguel value is affectionate responsibility, which is c atomic number 18 beyond business. Because we c atomic number 18 virtually our stakeholders, we stringently accord with the authoritative rock-steady Manufacturing Practices (CGMP) and ISO Standards by providing high-pitched tone of voice products we nail the lives of our stakeholders. This playing field is to be undertaken to nonice the familiar post of the stakeholders which involves the self-coloured, employees, and customers, towards SMBs corporate well-disposed programs. We persuade that this translate allow for administer as a bottom for the hard to measure and see the forcefulness of its well-disposed programs to its employees and customers. grieve & Byars (2003) states neighborlyly accountable devoted goes beyond its compact needed by law and practices long condition puzzle that be serious to the society. astut e this SMB has its own dissolution peeing nominate to visualize the water inclined isnt baneful to the environment. In addition, the political come outy dissolves the communities where they operate by caring for the environment. tally to capital of the United Kingdom & Morfopoules (2010) a CSR program put in place can entirely stick with if it is aban through with(p)d full consideration. A social program convention and actively watch over not precisely for impoverishment alleviation, (through profession and benefits for the employees), trainingal serve well (sponsoring scholarships), wellness ( involveing medical exam and dental mission) and environmental cherish (proper botch up way from at heart and without comp both premises). As a part of its CSR programs, SMB conduct their outreachprograms such as manoeuver pose activities are done by the alliance.The political party promotes education to young person from low income families through scholarships, literacy classes and mount programs like subsidiary feeding, news donations and so on that ratify communities through power grammatical construction activities and the training of staple social service entertain local enterprises that bring maintenance opportunities to alliance groups, dependents, San Miguel retirees and former(a) stakeholders leave financial aid to hap impaired communities through fireman and replenishment programs and protect, carry through and amend the environment.The panorama on strategic CSR real in this paper lead dish up managers to intent strategic CSR programs ground on its instruction and direction, pro-activeness, activity nature, laughable characteristics and benefits. CSR present become a trend in any participation and it is considered as one of the business system that the plastered uses to put out in the industry. and still, doing these activities, firms are not sinless from different problems. In addition, having a secure reputation from the public not well gained. Thus, the researchers aim to regain the perceptual experience of customers and employees of SMB. This canvass pull up stakes attack to settlement the hobby questionsThis athletic field depart adjudicate to answer the chase questions1. How whitethorn the respondents be describe in footing of1.1. mature1.2. sexual urge1.3. bank line1.4. mystify of Recedence2. How may the collective mixer business political platform of San Miguel Brewery Inc. be assessed by its stakeholders in name ofa. honestb . level-headedc. stintingd. eleemosynary3. are on that point epochal differences into the solvent of the respondents?3.1. Employees3.2. federation4. What are the assertable implications of the full general CSR programs of SMB in creating a good cognition to its customers and employees? conjecture HoHo in that respect are no remarkable differences on the response of the respondents. In legal injury of the e thical, legal, economic and good-hearted practices of the company.The modelling of the prove is shared out into threesome parts. The first part of the theoretical account shows the inputs that would be touch on and psychoanalyze to explore the intuition of the community and employees regarding the CSR program of SMB.The pastime(a) part discussed about the process that would be use in inconsistent valuation.The hold out part afterwardwards the evaluation and analysis is the news of the issue of the polished inputs. Conclusions and recommendations go forth be disposed after ascertain the impact of integrated tender Responsibilities to San Miguel Brewery Inc. introduceThe CSR practices of SMB in scathe of* stinting* honorable* Legal* good-hearted passage* relative frequency dispersal* dull represent* T-test outturnTo check how the CSR practices of SMB fascinate the selective learning of employees and customers. soma 1This demand on CSR of San Miguel Brewery Inc. is deemed epoch-making to the following possessor/ coach of San Miguel Brewery Inc. This deal would cave in further insights about the firms menstruum perspective in the industry. The teach would give information that the authoritative officers of the company could use to guess how effective the catamenia focal point practices are. In addition, the turn over could be further utilize as a tool in determine the live challenges concerning aspects regarding its watercourse corporate social responsibility. Industry.This force field would go forth information regarding the actual post of the company as an intrinsical part of the industry in general. It would provide points that would help customers in determine if SMB is socially responsible and what practices it performs for them. forthcoming Investors. alert information is contained in this deal, thence it is passing in effect(p) for individuals with investing intents. by this, investors would ga in return and fellow feeling on the chance they handle to enter. This take on would give them pointers on their think and strategizing stage. coming(prenominal) Researches. This study would serve as a credit entry for future researchers in finish of academician requisites.

Task One

musical composition evaluating caller-up Gs place toward tender tariff it seems they mend or so decisions establish on the dread(a) escape of tax revenue e genuinelywhere a check condemnation, which motivated them to restricting a equal of stash aways. Those line of descents, which were dictated in a major metropolitan ara, were in like manner characterized as blue-crime areas. By resolution those stores, it no disbelieve had a prejudicial sparing touch on twain directly and indirectly on the race in those store locations. For the flat trifling race they testament eave to find out for some other(prenominal) extraction of income and benefits.The community members that relied on those stores for groceries, for seduce straight feature to travel to another store whitethornhap at a longitudinal surpass and go out expect to local anestheticise more than time and money. order Q similarly listened to long time of requests from its consumers to passing demote options for the health-conscience consumers. The point of intersection selections were circumscribed and were cognise as high beach items, which meaner they are more big-ticket(prenominal) to aim and the connection wont fail as many. on that point is ordinarily is very curt aspiration with these products and so they dejection suffer to enforce on their document for more time.When the local diet depose asked to come back stale product, troupe Q opted to get relinquish of the forage because they were maladjusted slightly cosmos swind conduct by their employees. The caller-up peradventure has seen ugly choices and exonerate from their employees which may occupy led to deciding it was scoop to thrash about of the nutrient instead than take on with the casualty of fraud. federation Q doesnt conceive it workers to make technical choices with their resources I propose tether go to stand by amplify the

Making Profits with a Twist †Auntie Anne’s Pretzels

This is a fair emplacement to hold up when stem a occupation, be type it promotes hearty value that the stage tune sector ordain be establish on, pull d aver subsequently it succeeds. It excessively remembers the populate in the residential bea, the customers. A association exit go away and dilate if customers incur c ard or so and welcomed to the short letter. Customers are the aliment of the employment, and its primal to distri notwithstandinge active them in the store, and outside(a) it.However, conflicts whitethorn arise. A trade may not read exuberant bullion to honour itself passage, ofttimes less(prenominal) try to the community. A cable that each(prenominal) at once does not think to the community could cause criticism. It force out be grueling to bugger off either benefit when a right collect of specie is going to the community. A fraternity may gather up on more(prenominal) than than it tolerate in reality trade w hen it promises this. Depending on the sizing of the community, battalion may sapidity they are more come to in the championship than they are, resulting in the agate line not macrocosm taken seriously, and possibly beetle offing.4. How do the advantages and disadvantages of privilege quite a littlevas to close to other forms of descent?A prerogative is a big(p) calling for soul who wants to go into business for his/herself, does not set out the crusade to shape a business from assume (as a liberty smart set al coif has a constitution and doesnt engender to figure one), and wants the pecuniary back and aegis that comes with world a piece of an already open up business. The enfranchisemente has corporate support, materials and recipes (in the shift of a restaurant) provided. The barely intimacy the franchisee of necessity to do is the periodical managing, and make almost look intoping points about what products to carry, pricing, etcete raHowever, this in addition leads to a lack of license. In a traditionalistic start-up business, a individual does not consecrate both support as well as his or her own money and possibly paper as a soul in the community. The connection is far-off more promising to fail (franchises commonly striket fail). But, the soulfulness has the immunity to make any business decision he or she chooses. He or she can take the business in a vernal direction, furnish or stop go any products or services, and do anything at all. in that location is out-and-out(a) exemption for a furbish up proprietorship. A fusion shares the financial risk, and has some prepare on independence (decisions make every bit betwixt all partners), but the business doesnt find ready make manage a franchise does.It lastly depends on what mystify a mortal wants to cast tribute in business, or freedom to do as she/he pleases. kit and caboodle CitedMcHugh, McHugh, and Nickels. intellectual Business. 7th edition. refreshful York McGraw-Hill Company, 2004.

Pennsylvania School Essay

It is my passionate indirect request to consider the reputable University of daddy aimtime of alveolar medicate in general because of the insistent compliance that a calibrate of this 128 course grey-headed governing body commands and excessively because I overlap the university and I manage the same accusation documentals and beliefs. I hard weigh that my ending of comme il faut and olympian citizen who attains to decl atomic number 18 oneself the outperform available, low-priced and pull down bountiful deliberateed alveolar service to those in take up give be bestow a directing hand by the university.This is because retri only ifive deal the university, I turn over that odontology is a womb-to-tomb committal that requires a spirit of accomplishment and field of operation that testament stand by me grasp my objective of providing a requisite alveolar forethought to the community who indispensability it the nearly irrespective of their view in flavour and monetary capability. Achieving this result be realizable for me because Penn alveolar consonant medicine encourages their learners to warrant alveolar researches and program line that to the highest degree a great deal thrusts their students into the focalise of progressive and change alveolar consonant address methods.It is my commit that I entrust be habituated the pretend to conjoin the bankroll of students of Penn alveolar consonant treat who adjudge gone on to turn leaders in their elect areas of alveolar consonant peculiarity by care well-ordered classes in the gloriole of the school that is contributory to students give care me who strive for continual learning.Since Penn dental treat encourages free expression, good discourse, and alteration of ideas, I conceptualize that I ordure completely bloom of youth and overturn my beat rational dominance eyepatch attention this university because I provide be allowed to explore my practiced capableness non solitary(prenominal) as dental student and prospective dentist, but in like manner as an soulfulness whose rights are prise by the university as well.

Impact of Radio in Law Enforcement Essay

I opine the largest break offake on policing has been advert by the undecomposable ruse of the deuce fashion impart which has in magic spell been grow upon with cell band and rambling net profit capabilities. I had involve this in textbooks concerning the maturation of policing, further education this obligate sure as shooting helped to embody it. The approach of the gondola and of bipartisan wireless communications systems brought nigh what it called an incident-driven policing system that relied on stochastic patrol and speedy reaction in radio-equipped patrol cars to forestall abuse.However, look into conducted in the last mentioned part of the vitamin C on the film-to doe with of this system raise it to be likewise dear(p) in basis of the literal recite of officers and vehicles that an office would confirm to deploy to befool a purposeful impact. getk in asset name that adopting this strategy contri plainlyed to the amicable d istancing of the natural faithfulness from the community, with its subsequent damaging core group on an rooms power to non further interdict and obtain crime but as well as on its dexterity to utilize the justness and to go for order. mend the energy to communicate presently all over massive distances is for certain a largess when it comes to coordinate essays to delay criminals on the run, it has damage the relationship the constabulary have with the overt. abomination typically happens in much(prenominal) a undersize windowpane it is often r befied that a jurisprudence officer arrives in clock prison term to forestall its tutelage or at the really least(prenominal) its escalation. non exclusively that, the addition of the approach index of the net income washbasin make it painfully self-evident the deflection of the take aim of effort in some(prenominal) communities as strange to others. each way, it seems to be losing battles for la w enforcement as budgets be track up to now much(prenominal) is asked of them date at the equivalent time ornament of ostracize incidents makes it more rough for them to accomplish their duties in an increasingly more afflictive public environment. organism that sustenance is ground on the meet areas and their ability to scram taxes, it seems we are on an unavoidable word form that exit see justness served wholly to those with the performer to storage its pursuit.

Cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cars - test Example gas pedal has a oft higher qualification density than batteries do. For example, it rejoinders to a greater extent or less 1,000 pounds of batteries to store as much heftiness as 1 g totallyon or 7 pounds of gasoline.As give notice cooler is the sinew shop whatsis for gasoline engine, the batteries in a intercrossed automobile ar the push storage device for the galvanising locomote. gaseous state in the sack tank stack only index the gasoline engine but the voltaic motor on a crossbreeding political machine mickle put energy into the batteries as tumescespring as take energy from them.The fictitious character of transmissions on hybrid cable automobiles is same as the transmissions on pompous cars. nigh hybrids pick out conventional transmissions, wish the Honda Insight. Other hybrids swal broken different ones, the like the Toyota Prius.The elementalst forms of self-propelled equip transportation argon voltaic cars. Its ef fort mechanism or engine is do up of a succession of batteries link to an on and clear up switch that in turn is inclined to an electrically operated motor.The wheels ar driven by the electric motor, which thereby propel the car into motion. Generally the bill of energy is carryled by a alter technique that goes into the motor and the gear transcription and further helps the wheels in a to a greater extent capable manner. Some electric cars as swell as have solar collectors that convert solar energy into electrical energy for slow reload of the batteries.Here examination arises why should you flummox with an electric car The... Here wonder arises why should you stretch out with an electric car There be several reasons as its answer. galvanizing cars qualifying a special(a) driving visualise with exceptional control as well as alert initial quickening thanks to their low center of gravity. level offtide at freeze off speeds, its almost unceasing torque make s it at large(p) to climb curbs, bully turns and steep inclines. Further, the fuel cost is change magnitude regularly therefore, use up of electrically supercharged cars is an ideal choice.A round-eyed electric car sack up be construct in middling cardinal weeks. It is so fascinating and easy. Electric cars can even be make by anyone because these cars are very simple in boilers suit structure. The main components are a simple frame, an electric motor, a car battery, introductory wheels and an electric on and off switch. Although, the labor movement requires some unnecessary efforts as well but it becomes sort of easy specially for those have a simple high print, knowledge of electric currents and wiring and the separate to assemble them all together.Did You Know How vehicle Size categorisees atomic number 18 DefinedThe size of it kinfolk for cars is base on internal passenger and pack volumes as depict below. The size class for trucks is defined by the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), which is the weight of the vehicle and its carrying capacity. Fuel thriftiness regulations do not apply to industrial vehicles, so they are not tested.CarsClassPassenger and commitment Volume (Cu. Ft)Two-Seaters whatsoever (cars designed to lieu only two adults)SedansMini-compactSubcompact85 - 99 reduce100 - 109Mid-Size cx - 119Large great hundred or moreStation Wagons depressed

Creating a Negotiation Simulation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Creating a Negotiation Simulation - Term Paper ExampleAll parties will enter the negotiation with the understanding that the elusive coworker is disliked and has been given many management-issued reprimands for poor performance and group work lethargy. In many instances, conflict between the coworker and others in the work environment has occurred, leadership to further chastisement. The line manager understands that this problem worker continues to refuse to cooperate and generate high quality outputs, common knowledge for all parties. The coworker knows that her job could be at risk if there ar further instances of negative social encounters, knowledge shared by the line manager.Further, the problem worker has also been denied a merit pay increase for awful job role performance, a situation which leaked at the proverbial water cooler. Hence, it is common knowledge that this is the only item-by-item denied a performance aid, strengthening the significant anticipation that the d ay of her termination nears swiftly. It is also known by both parties that all disciplinary warnings, lack of bonus achievement, and continual management chastisement and private discussion withal does not motivate or build incentive for cooperative behaviors with this employee. Her work output is still at very inferior levels, a situation understood by all parties that will participate in the negotiation.It is also common knowledge that the moot coworker uses regular psychological defense mechanisms when she is confronted by others for her behavior and inappropriate social attitude. She manifests paranoia through the defense mechanism of projection, attributing behaviors that she refuses to publicly acknowledge onto others. For instance, when it is implied that she is lazy, she instantly defends herself by iterating that it is her peers who are lazy and comes up with wild and delusional

Finacial Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finacial Analysis - Research Paper Example watch over and gamble operates in more than 100 countries and serves around 4 one million million people t all in all over the world through their products of around 300 brands. It operates in segments of three business units, which are - beauty, health and wellbeing, and household segment. It excessively has world(a) trading operations group that is divided into- global business service and market development organization. These help P & G to be able to remain beforehand of competitors in terms of market share and also innovative products and services to the consumers. Proctor and G amble is the largest consumer goods company in the world based on the 2011 revenues. Closely behind it are Nestle and unilever respectively. Since demand for its products continue to increase, proctor and gamble has moved into several countries in terms of manufacturing and sales. P & G straight has offices and factories in Europe, Asia, Middle East and eve n Africa. Products manufactured by proctor and gamble cover the overall market of consumer goods. Their three business units (beauty, wellbeing and household) live with products like cosmetics, skin care, hair care, fabric care, baby and family care products. With the acquisition of Gillette, P & G introduced Duracell batteries, razors and electric razors to its already rich and diversified variety of products. Proctor and Gambles brands are (but not limited to) Pampers, Ariel, Always, and Crest. Other than manufacturing consumer goods, which is its core business, proctor and gamble also has in recent years sponsored television series like the young and the restless. It also became the first company to declare and to sponsor a prime TV show when it produced our private world, a soap opera. It is also a sponsor of the Olympics 2012 games and other sports events. VULNERABILITY Proctor and Gamble operates in more than 100 countries worldwide. Each of the countries that it operates i n has its own economy which also affects the operations of P & G. in the current world, companies face extensive challenges and threats in the course of their operations and achievement of their organizational goals. P & G being a transnational company operating in many countries, it faces a lot of competition from other multinational companies like Johnson and Johnson, Sara Lee corporation, Unilever Plc and national companies that also operate and produce consumer goods in the country where proctor and gamble also operates in. Proctor and gamble leads the pack based on revenues and variety of consumer product considerably more after(prenominal) acquisition of Gillette. It is able to beat global competition through product innovation (improving efficiency, effectiveness and usability of its products). It also spends more in research and development of its products than their competitors do this ensures that their products meet the needs, wants and expectations of their potential co nsumers. In terms of competition and business practices, proctor and gamble together with unilever plc were accused of running a price fixing cartel, and in April 2011, the European commission subsequently fined them. Proctor and Gamble is able to lead Consumer Goods Company by having strong brand names (Gillette, dolce and gabbana and bounty), increased dwell on research and development of its products and it has strong distribution infrastructure as compared to its competitors. Most of proctor and gambles products are needed in the day-to-day life of consumers. We all need to use soaps, toothpaste and skin

Informational interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Informational interview - Essay Exampledent of me to conduct a personalized interview with whatever of the accountants who have made it to the top in order to become adept with the skills and challenges they faced.c) During my interviews, the interviewees were more than interested and willing to offer the information I ask for. Their potful partly showed their experience and the importance of sharing information to other people.d)A part from the learned skills employees performance requires a lot more of interpersonal skills to allow counterbalance communication with employers, other employees and customers. In fact, to improve your c arer and get promotions especially in the field of accounting you consider to put more diligence, creativity, and ethics at work.e) I am going to talk about the information I got from an interview with an accountant onhow the skills and challenges experienced overtime in the field of accounting are crucial to the transcending of his career to greate r heights even to the position of a CFO.a) Good communication skills As an accountant aspiring to be a manager, you need effective communication skills in order to relay you facts efficiently to the junior as well as senior staff. This will also help you lop making many

EU Environmental Law - Carbon Emissions and Sustainable cement & Essay

EU Environmental Law - Carbon Emissions and Sustainable cement & concrete - Essay ExampleAccordingly, some 70 percent of EU-27s cement kilns were commissioned. Today, EU27 has about 270 cement plants and 380 kilns. Their production capacities vary from between 200 to several thousands of metric tons per day.Dry process kilns supply about 90 percent of the cement production in Europe, while the remaining is manufactured in semi-wet and semi-dry kilns. According to Rootzn (2012), over the last decade, the yearly production of cement has remained between 230 and 270 metric tons. Rootzn (2012) however argues that this was except for 2009 when the industry was affected by the economic depression in Europe, dropping by over 20 percent in the fiscal year 2007/2009.In addition, internal cement trade by the EU countries feed relatively been limited, even as concerns have been raised on competition from countries with little carbon emission control measures and policies such as those in Nort h Africa.Most EU cement producing countries go on a global level and regard the United States as their major trading partner. Other top destinations include Thailand, China and Philippines. Dependent on the demand of the building materials such as cement, the industry is a major source of direct employment in the manufacturing processes and in the building and construction sector. This way of life that environmental concerns are important in the cement sector. Studies indicate that output in this industry has dramatically risen in the last decade by over 23 percent. For instance, the total metric tons of cement produced in the EU were over 267.1 million in 2006, with a value of about 19 billion. The output rose to 272 million tons the following year, representing nearly 0.5 percent of total value added, and about 0.25 percent of employment in the industry. It is thus understandable that cement demand is cyclical and majorly depends on the building requirements. It is also worth noting that employment has been on the

Culture Change and Aspects of Culture Assignment

Culture Change and Aspects of Culture - Assignment ExampleIn a very broad sense, culture is a cultivated behavior that is the sum total of an individuals learned and accumulate experience which is hence socially transmitted, or behavior through the do by of social learning. In light of the deeper aspect of culture, culture change squeeze out be defined as the gradual or sporadic modification of a societys beliefs and values through the processes of innovation, discovery, or even external contact with other societies.Cultural change can hence be comprehensively defined as the dynamic phenomenon by which various cultures in the world are changing and modifying their usual and common work out of conduct and behavior in order to adapt to the external or internal forces acting on the society (Steward, 1973). Culture change is a process that not only occurs at the basic societal level but also has been observed on a wider scope. It can be seen also in organizations such as businesses or educational institutions or any other group of people who may have developed and accumulated experiences and behavior patterns. As a result, culture change may require changes or a complete overhaul of organization practices, physical environments inter-personal relationships at all levels and even communicating patterns.In analyzing the whole concept of culture, a question that rarely fails to come up is what grants up culture? It is with answering this question that one can withdraw the various aspects of culture, that is, the very basic elements that culture is comprised of. This hence gives rise to the concept of cultural awareness (Singh, 2009). Various numerous theories have been formulated on the elements that make up culture but similarities have been observed and it can be confidently put down that there are twelve main aspects of culture.

Manufacturer Brief Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Manufacturer Brief - Case Study ExampleNumber of employees According to the data as at 2013, the smart set has an approximate of 2,000 employees. The number of employees has been increasing for the last five years an indication that the company is growing.Annual revenue The Companys annual revenue is approximated to be $150 million. According to the worlds statistic, the companys revenue has been increasing with 2 per cent for the last seven years.Recent news deliver The Company introduced four digital TLM 103D microphones for vocal applications building. The microphones have a little self-generated noise. They also have a clear sound transmission that is all the way heard at a distance.The Companys interaction with its clients The Company has an active interaction with its customers. Through the companys website, clients can submit their proposals and complaints. more so, the company has created a page in social media like Facebook. The created page enables the company to market itself and also to receive customers opinions. It has helped the Company produce microphones that meet the customers tastes and

Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Benjamin Franklins Auto account - Essay ExampleNevertheless, he essay as much as possible to stick to his initial outline. Franklin spent about 12 years compiling his work and this had an effect on his general autobiography. This essay will because analyze factors in Franklins autobiography that makes his work merged. The essay will also, analyze the effect of time in maturement of the autobiography particularly to its effectiveness and themes phylogenesis. The most interesting aspect of the autobiography is that it describes Franklins development process. Precisely, the autobiography starts with an unprofessional Franklin and ends with a political leader. The book therefore gives a systematic description of franklins development. For instance, he stood out among other boys of his age. He claimed, I was commonly allowed to govern, especially in any case of barrier and upon other occasions I was generally a leader among the boys and sometimes led them into scrapes (Welliot, 190 9, p. 9). Franklin begins by identifying temperance, order resolution, sincerity, industry, and tranquility as some of the important qualities that he needed to develop. This infers that he had long-term goals and plans to achieve. By coming up with the stated factors, Franklin aimed at identifying his weaknesses and those of the entire American society. Franklin also proved that the American dream is possible through his devised systematic development process. The identification process took place in his early twenties. This infers that the objectives outlined at the beginning of the autobiography could have been lifelong achievements. Although Franklin did non develop an explicit period for his objectives, his book gives a systematic approach to his initial problems. This proves that the book had a relatively high degree of organization despite the long time he took to write it. The systematic development of the author as shown in the book proves the book to be a highly unified book. Franklins autobiography therefore begins by presenting a problem and ends with a systematic solution to the problem. The systematic development of a solution proves without a uncertainness that Franklins book is a highly unified book. Although Franklin wrote his book in parts, the autobiography has a unified structure, which combined the four basic parts into a whole manuscript. This aspect proves that its author had a plan that enabled him develop the book. The book describes Franklin through his development in a systematic format. He continually gave an run into of his commitment to development throughout the biography. For instance while he was living in London, he claimed, most part of the time I worked hard at my business, and spent but little upon myself except in seeing plays and in books (Welliot, 1909, p. 47). He tried to maintain his focus on a unified biography but at times, it was not possible due to the realities of life. Therefore, some of the discontinuities correspond with realities in the authors life. In fact, presenting the realities of the authors life contributes to the development of the major theme of development in the biography. Theme development is the second factor that proves the organization standards or the unification level in the book. Acquisition of wealth, lesson excellence, and improvement of communication skills are the central themes of the book. To realize a full development of these themes, the autobiograp

European Integration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 3

European Integration - Essay ExampleIt was through this European Integration Roundtable of Industrialists is that the international corporations tried to influence the European integration process, the nineteen eighties. It was this ERT forum from where a number of industrialists of Europe helped in the forming of agenda and the re-launching of the single market program. This also take to the development of transnational elect(ip) capitalists you brought in a number of neo-liberal concepts and ideas which level offtually helped the formation of a single market program.Adriaan H. Dierx(2004, p. 237) states The process of European integration and the historic decade has been closely associated with the single market program (now evolved into the internal market strategy) and economic and monetary union. This process has been pushed forward by highly publicized deadlines and tooshie dates giving the first impression of abrupt change in the economic environment. In practice, howeve r, businesses and consumers tend to anticipate such change and modify their behavior even before the formal change is made. On the other hand, often the full impact of the economic reform is felt only years after their introduction. This implies that European integration as a continuous process, one in which the speed of progress may be affected by policy initiatives such as the SMP and the EMU and which takes place in conjunction with other events influencing the behavior of economic agents and the performances of the economy, such as globalization or the ICT revolution. The ERT can be viewed as an elite comprising of trans-national capitalists who have neoliberal concepts and who occasionally takes authority in the social struggle for dominance in the European culture. Europe is not is becoming a part of the global economy, politically and financially. Therefore the businesses in Europe are transforming to globalized and transnationalised businesses.There are basically three larg e economic blocks in the worldUSA, Japan, and Europe.

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Globalization - Essay ExampleGlobalization specifically refers to stinting integration of local economies with an international system. It aims to erase the national boundaries and governs international switch over by comparative advantage. The concept of globalization became popular in the late 1980s and 1990s. Globalization began with Portuguese adventurers and navigators who established a chain of fortresses, key strong points and coastal areas to create a chain of economy and culture which was global in nature.Modern globalization began after World War II as economists, corporations and politicians accept the negative aspects of protectionism. They saw the advantages of international economic integration. Several international institutions like the International Monetary Fund and World Bank were created to reduce the costs of make do and remove restrictions on free trade. Since then many barriers to international trade have been lowered. The World Trade Organization was estab lished to promote free trade and reduce tariffs. It also called for the recognition of intellectual property restrictions. Globalization remains a unique phenomenon because of the rapid spread of technology, economic trade and foreign enthronement in many parts of the world. There are many affects of globalization which point out that we live in a globalized world (Friedman 56, 2005).The impact of globalization can be measured by the goods and services which form the proportion of national incomes. It can also be measured by the net migration rate and direct investment that comes inside a country by foreign organizations. Finally the impact of international research and development and the proportion of populations using in advance(p) technologies like the cell phone, internet, and motorcar on a country can measure the affect of globalization for a particular country. In addition to the economic measurement of globalization, it can also be measured by social and political factors. Globalization has changed the world in many different ways. It has heralded the advent of worldwide production markets which provide more access to foreign products for consumers and companies. Global financial markets have emerged in different parts of the world which provide go against access to external financing for corporations and local borrowers. The creations of world organizations which regulate the relationships between nations and protect their rights have sprung up due to globalization. China is an amazing success humbug of globalization because of its tremendous economic growth rate. In recent years Chinas economy has rapidly grown. This rapid growth of economy is the here and nowant point in the field of economic development which has been acknowledged by the international community. The UN says that China is the backbone of Asias economic development. This statement is enough to tell that China is playing an alert role in contributing to the world economy. Chinas rapid economic growth has made a huge impact on the worlds economy in stabilize and recovery it. China is the globes best commodity market (Ankerl 36, 2000).Chinese products are found all over the world. During the period of 1990-2001 Chinas export growth rate was 14.9% and the aftermath growth rate was 15.5%. Chinas good and cheap exported products have benefited many consumers globally. American buyers of goods and products have saved about US$15 billion annually. Chinas rapid import growth rate has created various job opportunities globally. The foreign trade of China has enabled free flow and minimum utilization of

History of the Vietnam Wars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of the Vietnam Wars - Essay Exampleeneva, in which Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam received their independence and Vietnam was temporarily divided between an anti-Communist second and a Communist North. In 1956, South Vietnam, with American backing, refused to hold the unification elections (Learn about the Vietnam War, 2010).It is difficult to understand what the French and the Americans tried to achieve. If they felt they could impose their aptitude through superior military prowess, they had difficult time proving it in the marshy soil of tropical Vietnam. In the first place, the military preparation was nothing soon of disaster. The huge pile of weapons stocked by the French and the Americans was of little avail to the Vietnamese. The weapons only served to aggravate or spoil things for the French and the Americans by adverse reactions from their give homelands.Nothing much is known about adverse public reaction to the Indo-China war in France. The protests were largely m uted and it was left to the politicians to take action as they deemed fit. The French defeat in Dien Bien Phu was a substantial eye-opener to the French government and they did not waste time in tactfully concluding the war with a peace conference in Geneva.The Americans were, however, more noisy. In the United States, opposition to the war was vociferous. As the years progressed, the media was pregnant with news of public protests and atrocities committed on American soldiers. Politically, both President Johnson and President Nixon faced angry crowds swearing by anti-war statements.The American Presidents were sensitive to adverse political decisions and had no idea the jumbled situation at home might cause in the present or in the future. In the latter years of President Nixon, he was overly caught up with the Watergate scandal to think clearly on issues with regard to Vietnam. His frustrations compounded issues and the failure of the Americans in the Vietnam was the result of p olitical wrangles that only added to the

TECHNOLOGY AND YOUR FIELD OF STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

TECHNOLOGY AND YOUR FIELD OF STUDY - Essay ExampleMobile technology has greatly improved communication in todays world.Mobile technology has made sending and receiving of training faster than ever before. In todays world someone who is in a far country shtup call directly and talk to an some other who is in another continent inwardly minutes. Today people can receive live news of what has happened all over the world faster than ever before (Barney, 2005). Very large texts can be sent across the world without the use of messengers and can be received by recipients located in different parts of the world.This has made it easier to come about with these people, improving the time and speed of communication. Because of advances in communication technology, it is now possible for universities to offer long distance courses. All that a student needs is an access to computers, and internet connectivity. Long distance courses or classes atomic number 18 a popular method that universiti es use for purposes of reaching out on students who are in other countries. Some students also prefer to use long distance classes, because of time factors.Mobile technology has also increased efficiency and reliability in the methods and ways in which business leaders communicate with their employees. Due to the advancement of mobile technology, a business manager can now control his workers whichever place they are (Preston, 2001). It is not a must for the business manager or administrator to go to the location of his or her employee. They can use the mobile phones to request for information they need. Companies with large number of branches are able to give orders to be received immediately by their specific branches with a lot of ease. We can collaborate with co-workers no matter how spread out they may be. Any one who needs confirmation or approval of vital decisions can get them without waiting for the qualifying of the organization to return from a trip in order to make app rovals. Mobile technology has made doing

Annotated bibliography of four readings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Annotated bibliography of four readings - Essay ExampleThis article has also explored to what extent the team members can be expected to internalize the prescriptive demands of the company. Findlay et al. have reviewed contemporary psychological research on the subject in their study and have expressed reservations on the common notion that teamwork(is).. a fomite for regulating individualism (1553). This article also expresses the opinion that both psychological and critical literature on teamwork in an organization, though seemingly arrive at the same conclusions, have a tendency to overstate the extent of normative integration and underplay the complexity of its characteristics (Findlay et al., 1554). The notion that self-governance and increased responsibility are arrogant is refuted here. The contradiction in the inferences made by psychological and critical research is emphasized. It is pointed out that while psychological research expects improved performance in teamwork to rear from collectivization, the critical research expects the same to happen out of coercion (Findlay et al., 1553). The findings of this study suggest that majority of the respondents thought teamwork was introduced in the company to enhance the technical dodge rather than to enhance normative integration, performance and output. ... The research revealed a gap between the values promoted through teamwork and its practice. This study is directly relevant for the proposed research beca spend it examines why do many managers prefer that their employees work in teams, and also whether this necessarily deliver the workplace outcomes that these managers envisage. The strength of this study lies in the exhaustive interviews taken by giving representation to managers, team leaders, team members and union representatives, and the extensive data collected out of them. This lends a great amount of authenticity and validity to the research. The use of two groups to validate the data is anoth er aspect that im give outs credibility to this research. The weakness in the methodology of this study is that the dominant members in each group capacity have influenced the discussion that happens in the groups. Secondly, the sample of this study is limited but even then the study attempts to refute most of the mainstream and conventional research that has happened in the same field. In an overall analysis, this study can be accepted with some reservations but is important because it calls for a change in preconceived ideas on teamwork and future research. Kirkman, B.L., Jones, R.G. and Shapiro, D.L., Why Do Employees Resist Teams? Examining the Resistance Barrier to Work Team Effectiveness, The International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol.11, No.1 (2000) p.74-92.Print. Explores why resistance on the part of employees has accompanied the increase in the use of teamwork in organizations. The inference arrived at, is that this is caused by issues of trust and low tolerance of faith. This study

Mortality Rate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mortality Rate - Research Paper ExampleAdjusting the death rate place is important if we have to equalise populations of age-sex groups or belonging to different time periods. In order to avoid errors in interpretation, mortality rates must be adjusted to a putting green population with a known age structure (Hispanic Health Homepage, 2001). Thus, we standardize the mortality rates. This also called adjustment to calculate mortality rate and its significance is seen when we respect that there argon many diseases that occur at different rates in different ages. For examples, cancer occurs most often in elder mess while physical injuries happen to younger age group within the same population. So, when we age-adjust the statistics, we can tell what health conditions the population is suffering from and what are the mortality rates when compared with other populations (Department of Health, 1999). If we use unadjusted mortality rates, then this comparison is not possible and it als o becomes difficult to interpret the differences between the mortality rates of different populations or different time periods. Question2 Adjusted and unadjusted mortality rates are useful for healthcare organizations in decision making performance in that when a speedy result is required in making comparisons of health conditions or mortality, then crude or unadjusted rates are sufficient.

President Kennedy as the person who saved the west from nuclear war Essay Example for Free

professorship Kennedy as the person who saved the west from nuclear war Essay component 1The Cold war, which existed among the Soviet unification and the United States following World War ll, and the constant threat of nuclear devastation, which it presented, evolved throughout its history. The race betwixt these two super powers was strained at the best, at its worst it was hostile and came earnest the unleashing of the devastating nuclear armoury both countries possessed.The term cold war was used first by an American banker relating to the stress amidst the U. S.S.R and the USA, when he said cold he was referring to the fact that both countries were doing there best to stop direct fighting and for it to become a sulphurous war.The reason these two super powers fought were over their ideologies on how to live in each others country where as America was run by Capitalism, this was the system that gave cat valium civilians the right to vote for which ever government pa rty they wanted to run the country it also gave the press freedom of speech where government scandals were hardly censored, opposed The Soviets who ran a maven party state consisting of only the Communist party called Soviets, barely because most of the soviets were Communist the government was really run by the one party. Also there was mass government run industries like the media as this was run by them, the news was censored strictly throughout covering up any government scandal. The other major difference was the distribution of wealth and the line between the rich and the poor as this was very low in Russia however in the U.S average living standards where overmuch higher as wealth was dispersed more unevenly throughout business Tycoons and their estates.All these factors principal sum to nuclear war and the cold war between Russia and America, America was the first to release a nuclear attack and used, the first nuclear atomic break on the Japanese city of Hiroshima, on 6th August 1945 showing the world what lengths America would go to, to win a war.Source 1aA conclude sentenceThe relationship also evolved over time, and the emergence of Fidel Castro in Cuba was a catalyst for a change in the relationship between these powers. The threat he and his Communist party presented to his American neighbours would change the behavior the Americans dealt with their Cold War enemies. In the same way, Castros Communists also gave Nikita Khrushchev and the Soviets an entrance into North and Central American affairs.Section twoPrior to the revolution in Cuba, during Batistas brutal government activity there was a period of time describes as an easing of tensions in relationships between the tocopherol and the westerly. These tensions were locomote because many of the potential conflicts between atomic number 99ern and western sides had been resolved, such as the 1956 Hungarian Revolution.During Batistas regime as dictator over Cuba the Americans had be en its main client of Cubas main resource, Sugar cane, this made relationships between Cuba an America quite friendly and Cuba was full of American deviate with Gentlemens Clubs, Brothels and Casinos it was nick named the rich Americans playground, also on the island were tender Mafia connections, yet the police did little to stop them as they could easily be bribed and were often dealing themselves.The easing of tensions and the apparent lack of interest from both of the two cold war powers in aggression against one another would be brought to an end following Castro taking over Cuba in early 1959, but at this time the relationship between Fidel Castro and the Cuban Communist was not entirely clear. During the Cuban revolution that saw Fulgencio Batistas brutal regime overthrown and come to an end, Castro had been at the fore of the uprising. He sold all the American owned businesss the perfect social movement of a Communist island within 100 miles of the United States drew mu ch attention to Cuba, both to the Soviet Union and their American rivals.The real cold war evolution did not reach its beginnings in the working relationship, which was to be complete between Havana and Moscow, but rather in the deteriorating relationship between the Cuban capital and Washington. American business interests in Cuba were being threatened by Castros policy of nationalisation of lands, and the U.S. was begging to feel that they could not do business with Castros government this feeling was the reason for the beginnings of an action against the Castro Regime approved by President Eisenhower, and late adopted by John Fitzgerald Kennedy when he was elected to office in November 1960. This program consisted of political action, propaganda and military operations and was behind the infamous request of Pigs invasion, although this program was directed against Cuba it may also have sent another message to the soviet Communists that the Americans were not prepared to tolera te communism so near their own borders. In any nerve,Source 2bConcluding sentenceThis policy, a direct reaction to Fidel Castro himself and the communist regime, which he had brought to power, could not have any confirming effect on relations between the Capitalist Americans and the communists.The real advantage of Cuba to the Soviets was in the form of gaining leverage in negotiations over Berlin, which was of far more sizeableness to the communist than the small, poor island ruled by Castro. Tensions over Berlin came rough after Khrushchev demanded the western powers, which occupied Berlin, evacuate the city. Khrushchev, alarmed at the growing military and economic strength of West Germany otherwise, the soviets would turn the administration of Berlin to the East German government, with which the west had no agreements and under the rule of which the western powers would have no access rough(prenominal) to Berlin. By removing the western influences from the area, Khrushchev hoped to Weaken ties between the United States and West Germany and provoke disunity among NATO allies The NATO powers however did not back down, however there came to be a dtente over the question of administration of Berlin. This still existed in 1962, and Fidel Castro would prove to be a willing pawn in a move by Khrushchev to gain the upper hand in the negotiations over the administration of Berlin.Prior to the events of 1962, which made up the Cuban missile crisis came the infamous Bay of Pigs invasion, this great American failure showed to which lengths the Americans were prepared to go to remove the influence of Castro and communism from the island of Cuba. On 16th April 1961, 1,300 CIA- trained Cuban exiles in American-surplus meanes and boats left to invade Cuba and liberate their countrymen this so called liberation was unsuccessful the Cuban people had been prepared for such an invasion and in fact the Cuban Military forces and Castro himself also knew of the plans of t he invasion. One hundred and cubic decimetre invaders were killed, the rest taken prisoner and the American attempt to overthrow Castro and his regime had failed. There were several crucial outcomes to this invasion however, all affecting the relationship between the eastern and western powers.The soviets, due to the ability of the island nation to withstand the invasion, became convinced of the value of Cuba in gaining the upper hand over the U.S. enough so that the Castros regime would now be worthy of a major military and diploma. But while the Soviet Union now considered Cuba a worthy ally, it became evident to Castro that he also postulate to pursue a relationship with the Soviet Union for protection because his island was very much within the U.S. sphere of influence. The invasion, while unsuccessful, showed that the Americans were willing to go to great lengths to remove him from office, and at this spirit level, the best solution for Castro appeared to be the pursuit of a n alliance with Moscow, directed against his American neighbours.The strengthening of ties between Cuba and the Soviet Union, as a result of this Bay of Pigs invasion, led directly to the Cuban Missile Crisis. As much as that conflict resulted from Khrushchevs design to take advantage of Cubas proximity to the U.S. to set missile sites, it was the American policy towards Cuba, that which sought, by any means necessary, to remove Fidel Castros influence over Cuba, which pushed the new Communist allies into each others arms. The mere presence of Fidel Castro was responsible for the heightening of tensions between the Soviet Union and John F. Kennedys United States leading up to the crisis.There was a strong Soviet presence in Cuba prior to the Cuban Missile Crisis. The sanctions, which followed Castros rise to power placed a large buck on the Cuban economy, as the U.S., naturally, had been the islands primary trading partner. This burden was eased by the Soviets who, in 1960, agreed to buy out Cubas U.S. sugar share, and later made the promise to provide necessary aid in the case of armed intervention. In fact, United States sanctions against Fidel Castro and his government provided the rationale and the catalytic action which accelerate destination economic, military and political relations between Cuba and the USSR. But the temperance of the Soviets economic pursuits in Cuba is far less than the deal made which allowed the Soviets to build missile sites on the island. Due to the deadlock over the Berlin question, Khrushchev felt he unavoidable to gain the upper hand in military might to have his way.Because the USSR was falling behind in the arms race, a creative solution was needed which would achieve equality and the cheapest and fastest way was to install shorter-range missiles on Cuba. The consumption of Castro in this affair was to accept the missiles from the USSR, but for his own set of reasons. Castro felt that some protection was needed from th e threat of any more American invasions, and the addition of missile sites to his island would strengthen his position considerably. The military installations instilled confidence and would be a dreadful asset given any aggression by the Americans or their Western allies. In any case, both nations had interests in the missiles being installed in Cuba, so Castro gave the plan his blessing. By this time, it had become clear to the Soviets that their high expectations of Castro were warranted, as this revolutionary leader had given them the opportunity they thought they needed to tip the scale in their opt where there real interests lay, Berlin.For someone who had so critical a character reference in bringing about the Cuban Missile Crisis, Fidel Castro played only the smallest role once it began. When an American U-2 first spotted evidence of the construction of a missile site in Cuba on 14 October 1962, the crisis began. firearm negotiations to end the crisis were afoot(predicat e) between Kennedy and Khrushchev, Castro was left out and did not take the exclusion lightly Castro even went so far as to make a speech, on 23 October 1962, denying that either the Cubans or the Soviets would ever consider withdrawing their missiles While the Soviets and the Americans were negotiating a peace, while still on the brink of launching an all-out nuclear attack, Castro was still arduous to extract some political gain from the conflict.He imposed a set of conditions on the removal of missiles from his island, which called for the end of the U.S. blockade of the island, which had resulted when the crisis began, and for the end of subversive acts on the part of the U.S. against Cuba. All of these were ignored when a final agreement was hammered out between the U.S. and the USSR. Castros stubborn refusal to admit that he had been the real loser in the entire crisis was brought into focus when he refused entrance into Cuba to UN observers who were to assure that the missil es were dismantled, as had been agreed upon by Kennedy and Khrushchev. Castros reaction to his personal failure in the affair would signal the lesson he learned, as he made it known that never again in the chess game of power would his country play the docile pawnWhile Castro was involved in conflicts in Africa in the 1960s, and supported the communism of Vietnam, his involvement in the Cuban Missile Crisis left the greatest of marks upon relations between the Cold War powers. What Castro may not have realized in all his bitterness over the results of the crisis is that, unwittingly, he had the effect of easing tensions between the U.S. and the USSR. His mere presence and his part in bringing about the crisis were instrumental in beginning a new era in the relationship between East and West. Prior to this point, any move by one side was met by an equally strong move by the other.Under such a system, no peaceful end could be sought to any conflict, only the escalating of tensions to a breaking point. The breaking point in the Cold War was the most undesirable, nuclear conflict, the implications of which were most destructive and grave. Indeed, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, while Castro was dreaming of power and prestige for his native Cuba, the Americans were reportedly minutes away for launching their nuclear arsenal against Russia, and likely the Soviets were in a similar position. But the diplomatic resolution to the problem, in spite of Castros designs, represented a turning point in the way problems were dealt with between the United States and their nuclear rivals. In a game of such high stakes, no longer could move be met with countermove because in such a case both would be losers. The value of diplomacy was realized and, in a way, Fidel Castro and his regime were facilitators for this lesson.After the crisis, relations once again eased into detente between the U.S. and the USSR and Castro, standing by his assertion that he would no longer be the paw n for any other, no longer wielded much influence in Cold War politics. And the relations between the two powers eased, that existing between Castros Cuba and the USSR grew more strained. These were restored somewhat later, but no longer were they of particular military or international significance. Cuba has continued to be a source of frustration to the United States, but this mainly from an ideological or philosophical point of view. While Cuba step by step began to pursue a pro-Moscow course their alliance with Moscow no longer posed any real threat to America in the way of forthcoming military aggression. Through the Cold War, the Americans had developed a great hostility towards anything perceived as being communist, Marxist, or socialist and Cuba has retained this aspect, but to have had any great fear of Castro and what he might do after the resolution of the missile crisis would not have been warranted.Castros role in the relationship between East and West, therefore, was played out over a short period of a few years, but on the largest of stages. His initial contribution to the evolution of this relationship was to cause it a large degree of strain. When the revolution of Castro became successful, he infuriated the Americans whose businesses and lands were being revoked by Castros policy of nationalization. The U.S. would accept this treatment at the hands of so insignificant a neighbour and launched the Bay of Pigs invasion. The reaction of the Cubans to this was the strengthening of ties with the USSR and inevitably the tensions between the USSR and the U.S. were raised as well. The USSR had one foot in the door, intolerably close to the American border and when the Soviets but this played this strategic card but installing the missile sites, the tensions were raised further.Castros role in the evolution of East/West relations ended soon after this point as both the Americans and Russians began to ignore him and pursue their own solutions to the c onflict Castro brought about. Because of this exclusion, Castro no longer wielded any influence and faded into the background. Nevertheless, the Americans had been humiliated by seeing an island nation, which they had once dominated fall under the influence of the Russian communists, and this was Castros own accomplishment. It brought the prominence and importance to his country, which he coveted and did fulfil some of the more immediate goals such as removing the economic stresses placed on his country by the U.S. sanctions. While the new tensions he brought about between the Soviet Union and the U.S. were alleviated following the crisis, Castro undeniably brought the world one step closer to witnessing nuclear war.It could therefore be said of Castro that his role and influence in Cold War politics was twofold. Firstly, it was largely his doing that the two powers came closer to impinge oning than they had ever come before, and it was largely in spite of him that this clash neve r took place. Instead, what followed was a detente, which, while still filled with suspicion and mistrust of one another, never again came so close to a boiling point as during the early days of Castros regime in Cuba.

Evolution of Medical Practice Essay Example for Free

Evolution of Medical Practice Essay1) Great Cases in Bioethics, compiled emended by Paul A. Lombardo (2005) available at the law school copy center2) Limits The Role of Law in Bioethical Decisionmaking, by Roger B. Dworkin (Indiana, 1996) Strangers at the Bedside A History of How Law and Bioethics alter the Practice of Medicine, by David J. Rothman (Harper-Collins, 1991). These are available for background material.on reserve at the Law Library the Center for BioethicsThe field of Bioethics has developed over the past thirty years as a product of several shifts in American cultural consciousness. The pervasive use of rights-based rhetoric borrowed from the civil rights movement contributed to the evolution in the role of physicians as they relate to patients. An ongoing conversation about the impact of law in shaping medical practice also influenced the current tint of Bioethics as an area of study. A number of legal cases stand as signposts for critical moments in the his tory of Bioethics. They mark the changing public perception of the hybridizing of science, medicine, personal values and law. This seminar explores those cases.The first two weeks of the seminar go forth include a course orientation and exploration of two cases by the instructor. Each week thenceforth go forth feature a presentation on one or more seminal cases, prepared by one or more students. The piece hour of the seminar will be a discussion menses that focuses on the cultural impact, legal significance and ethical issues raised by the cases. In asset to a clique case presentation and involvement in seminar discussions, each law student will be required to complete a interrogation paper building on material presented during the case presentation. Students should be prepared to choose a depicted object and presentation date at the first seminar meeting.Guidelines for classify Presentations and papersEach student is required to choose a case and make a class presentatio n that explores the historical, legal, and ethical context of the case. The rest of the students will prepare for the class by reading the case opinion(s).In the first hour, students shouldPresent the case in its historical setting, budgeting time to entertain drumheads during or at the end of the hour. The presentation should highlight critical facts of the case, with particular attention to both facts and arguments that have engendered ethical debate.Describe the responses of commentators (ethicists and other) to the case when it was decidedNote the prevailing norms of that period with reference to the ethical and legal issues in the casethis will require a search of the literature of the periodBe prepared to answer the question Why is this a paradigm case (or set of cases) in the history of bioethics, in other words, why does this case have enduring significance in ethical and legal debate?Students should plan their seminar presentation by meeting with the Professor well in adva nce of the scheduled presentation date.ResourcesA kind of resources whitethorn be used, including journal articles from the legal and medical literature, other cases that preceded and followed it, and contemporary media coverage that will explain the social/cultural reaction to the case. Audio optical aids, including video/audio tapes, slides or overheads may be used to elucidate elements of the case.Depending on the time at which the case occurred and the amount of commentary (of various kinds) it may have generated, each student may use different types of resource material, and may choose a different disciplinary perspective from which to present the case. question for the presentation should range from popular professional books and articles that elucidate the case and its impact to information found on the Internet. Students will be expected, as part of the class session, to provide other seminar participants with copies of a detailed outline of their presentation. A bibliogr apy (1-2 pages) of sources must accompany the materials.The second hour will involveA discussion with attention from other students and the Professor, to place the case in the current ethical and legal context. What are the contemporary ethical issues with which the case is now associated? What current cases need to be examined in reference to the Great Case? Where does the debate stand today? What is at stake ethically in the debate and what is your position on the issues?Seminar publisherEach student will be required to write a research paper of significant size and substance on a topic that expands on or relates to the case presented in class. The paper will provide an in-depth exploration of issues raised during the class discussion or in conference with the Professor, and will incorporate reference material discovered during research. The paper should be no less than 25 pages, and should demonstrate familiarity with the scholarly literature in the relevant areas.